References
Adaikan PG, Gauthaman K. Proerectile
pharmacological effects of Tribulus terrestris extract on the rabbit
corpus cavernosum. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 2000 Jan;29(1):226.
Adimoelja A. Phytochemicals and the breakthrough of traditional
herbs in the management of sexual dysfunctions. Int J Androl. 2000;23
Suppl 2:824.
Akash R, Hrishikesh D et al. Case report: Association of combined
nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) and obstruction
of cilioretinal artery with overdose of Viagraฎ. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther.
2005 Aug;21(4):3157.
Al-Shaer MH, Choueiri NE et al. Effects of aging and atherosclerosis
on endothelial and vascular smooth muscle function in humans. Int J
Cardiol. 2006 May 10;109(2):2016.
Altwein J, Hoesl CE. [Antiandrogen therapy of prostate carcinoma] MMW Fortschr Med. 2006 Mar 30;148(13):435.
Andersson KE, Stief C. Oral alpha adrenoceptor blockade as a
treatment of erectile dysfunction. World J Urol. 2001 Feb;19(1):913.
Basar MM, Aydin G et al. Relationship between serum sex steroids and
Aging Male Symptoms score and International Index of Erectile Function.
Urology. 2005 Sep;66(3):597601.
Berges R, Bello U et al. Effect of a new leuprorelin formulation on
testosterone levels in patients with advanced prostate cancer. Curr Med
Res Opin. 2006 Apr;22(4):64955.
Bhasin S, Cunningham GR et al. Testosterone therapy in adult men
with androgen deficiency syndromes: An endocrine society clinical
practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006 Jun;91(6):19952010.
Bustos-Obregon E, Yucra S et al. Lepidium meyenii (Maca) reduces
spermatogenic damage induced by a single dose of malathion in mice.
Asian J Androl. 2005 Mar;7(1):716.
Caretta N, Ferlin A et al. Erectile dysfunction in aging men:
Testosterone role in therapeutic protocols. J Endocrinol Invest.
2005;28(11 Suppl 2):10811.
Chen J, Wollman Y et al. Effect of oral administration of high-dose
nitric oxide donor L-arginine in men with organic erectile dysfunction:
Results of a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. BJU
Int. 1999 Feb;83(3):26973.
Chen X, Lee TJ. Ginsenosides-induced nitric oxide-mediated
relaxation of the rabbit corpus cavernosum. Br J Pharmacol.
1995;115:1518.
Choi HK, Seong DH et al. Clinical efficacy of Korean red ginseng for erectile dysfunction. Int J Impot Res. 1995 Sep;7(3):1816.
Choi YD, Rha KH et al. In vitro and in vivo experimental effect of Korean red ginseng on erection. J Urol. 1999;162:150811.
Choi YD, Xin ZC et al. Effect of Korean red ginseng on the rabbit
corpus cavernosal smooth muscle. Int J Impot Res. 1998;10:3743.
Chung F, Rubio J et al. Dose-response effects of Lepidium meyenii
(Maca) aqueous extract on testicular function and weight of different
organs in adult rats. J Ethnopharmacol. 2005 Apr 8;98(1-2):1437.
Cicero AF, Bandieri E et al. Lepidium meyenii Walp. improves sexual
behaviour in male rats independently from its action on spontaneous
locomotor activity. J Ethnopharmacol. 2001;75:2259.
Cicero AF, Piacente S et al. Hexanic Maca extract improves rat
sexual performance more effectively than methanolic and chloroformic
Maca extracts. Andrologia. 2002 Jun;34(3):1779.
Clark JT, Smith ER et al. Evidence for the modulation of sexual
behavior by alpha-adrenoceptors in male rats. Neuroendocrinology. 1985
Jul;41(1):3643.
Cohen AJ, Bartlik B. Ginkgo biloba for antidepressant-induced sexual dysfunction. J Sex Marital Ther. 1998 Apr-Jun;24(2):13943.
Eng ET, Williams D, et al. Anti-aromatase chemicals in red wine. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2002 Jun;963:23946.
Eng ET, Ye J et al. Suppression of estrogen biosynthesis by
procyanidin dimers in red wine and grape seeds. Cancer Res. 2003 Dec
1;63(23):851622.
Ernst E, Pittler MH. Yohimbine for erectile dysfunction: A
systematic review and metaanalysis of randomized clinical trials. J
Urol. 1998;159:4336.
Esposito K, Giugliano F et al. Effect of lifestyle changes on
erectile dysfunction in obese men: A randomized controlled trial. JAMA.
2004 Jun 23;291(24):297884.
Feldman HA, Goldstein I et al. Impotence and its medical and
psychosocial correlates: Results of the Massachusetts Male Aging Study.
J Urol. 1994 Jan;151(1):5461.
Gauthaman K, Adaikan PG et al. Aphrodisiac properties of Tribulus
terrestris extract (Protodioscin) in normal and castrated rats. Life
Sci. 2002 Aug 9;71(12):138596.
Gauthaman K, Ganesan AP, et al. Sexual effects of puncture vine
(Tribulus terrestris) extract (protodioscin): An evaluation using a rat
model. J Altern Complement Med. 2003 Apr;9(2):25765.
Goldstein I. Male sexual circuitry. Working Group for the Study of
Central Mechanisms in Erectile Dysfunction. Sci Am. 2000
Aug;283(2):705.
Gonzales GF, Cordova A et al. Effect of Lepidium meyenii (MACA) on
sexual desire and its absent relationship with serum testosterone
levels in adult healthy men. Andrologia. 2002 Dec;34(6):36772.
Gonzales GF, Cordova A et al. Effect of Lepidium meyenii (Maca), a
root with aphrodisiac and fertility-enhancing properties, on serum
reproductive hormone levels in adult healthy men. J Endocrinol. 2003
Jan;176(1):1638.
Gonzales GF, Gasco M et al. Effect of Lepidium meyenii (Maca) on
spermatogenesis in male rats acutely exposed to high altitude (4340 m).
J Endocrinol. 2004 Jan;180(1):8795.
Gooren LJ, Saad F. Recent insights into androgen action on the
anatomical and physiological substrate of penile erection. Asian J
Androl. 2006 Jan;8(1):39.
Gresser U, Gleiter CH. Erectile dysfunction: Comparison of efficacy
and side effects of the PDE-5 inhibitors sildenafil, vardenafil and
tadalafilreview of the literature. Eur J Med Res. 2002 Oct
29;7(10):43546.
He F, Feng L. [Effects of some micronutrients on partial androgen
deficiency in the aging male]. Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue. 2005
Oct;11(10):7846.
Hong B, Ji YH et al. A double-blind crossover study evaluating the
efficacy of Korean red ginseng in patients with erectile dysfunction: A
preliminary report. J Urol. 2002 Nov;168(5):20703.
Jackson G, Rosen RC et al. The second Princeton consensus on sexual
dysfunction and cardiac risk: New guidelines for sexual medicine. J Sex
Med. 2006 Jan;3(1):2836; discussion 36.
Karras DJ, Farrell SE et al. Poisoning from Spanish fly (cantharidin). Am J Emerg Med. 1996 Sep;14(5):47883.
Kaya O, Gokdemir K. Zinc supplementation in rats subjected to acute
swimming exercise: Its effect on testosterone levels and relation with
lactate. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2006 Apr 25;27(1-2):26770.
Kernohan AF, McIntyre M et al. An oral yohimbine/L-arginine
combination (NMI 861) for the treatment of male erectile dysfunction: A
pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic and interaction study with intravenous
nitroglycerine in healthy male subjects. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2005
Jan;59(1):8593.
Khajuria A, Thusu N et al. Piperine modulates permeability
characteristics of intestine by inducing alterations in membrane
dynamics: Influence on brush border membrane fluidity, ultrastructure
and enzyme kinetics. Phytomedicine. 2002 Apr;9(3):22431.
Kijima I, Phung S et al. Grape seed extract is an aromatase
inhibitor and a suppressor of aromatase expression. Cancer Res. 2006
Jun 1;66(11):59607.
Kim HJ, Woo DS et al. The relaxation effects of ginseng saponin in
rabbit corporal smooth muscle: Is it a nitric oxide donor? Br J Urol.
1998 Nov;82(5):7448.
Kloner RA, Mullin SH et al. Erectile dysfunction in the cardiac
patient: How common and should we treat? J Urol. 2003 Aug;170(2 Pt
2):S46S50; discussion S50.
Lebret T, Herve JM et al. Efficacy and safety of a novel combination
of L-arginine glutamate and yohimbine hydrochloride: A new oral therapy
for erectile dysfunction. Eur Urol. 2002 Jun;41(6):60813; discussion
613.
Liu WJ, Xin ZC et al. Effects of icariin on erectile function and
expression of nitric oxide synthase isoforms in castrated rats. Asian J
Androl. 2005 Dec;7(4):3818.
Maggio M, Basaria S et al. The relationship between testosterone and
molecular markers of inflammation in older men. J Endocrinol Invest.
2005;28(11 Suppl 2):1169.
Mann K, Klingler T, et al. Effects of yohimbine on sexual
experiences and nocturnal penile tumescence and rigidity in erectile
dysfunction. Arch Sex Behav. 1996;25:116.
Martinez-Jabaloyas JM, Queipo-Zaragoza A et al. Testosterone levels
in men with erectile dysfunction. BJU Int. 2006 Jun;97(6):127883.
McKay D. Nutrients and botanicals for erectile dysfunction: Examining the evidence. Altern Med Rev. 2004 Mar;9(1):416.
McKenna K. The brain is the master organ in sexual function: Central
nervous system control of male and female sexual function. Int J Impot
Res. 1999;11:S48S55.
Mikhail N. Does testosterone have a role in erectile function? Am J Med. 2006 May;119(5):37382.
Miller AL. The effects of sustained-release-L-arginine formulation
on blood pressure and vascular compliance in 29 healthy individuals.
Altern Med Rev. 2006 Mar;11(1):239.
Morales A, Buvat J, et al. Endocrine aspects of sexual dysfunction in men. J Sex Med. 2004 Jul;1(1):6981.
Morales A, Condra M et al. Is yohimbine effective in the treatment
of organic impotence? Results of a controlled trial. J Urol.
1987;137:116872.
Morales A, Surridge DH et al. Nonhormonal pharmacological treatment of organic impotence. J Urol. 1982;128:457.
Napoli C, de Nigris F et al. Nitric oxide and atherosclerosis: An update. Nitric Oxide. 2006 Apr 15. [Epub ahead of print]
Reid K, Surridge DH et al. Double-blind trial of yohimbine in treatment of psychogenic impotence. Lancet. 1987;2:4213.
Reiter WJ, Pycha A et al. Dehydroepiandrosterone in the treatment of
erectile dysfunction: A prospective, double-blind, randomized,
placebo-controlled study. Urology. 1999 Mar;53(3):5904; discussion
5945.
Reiter WJ, Schatzl G et al. Dehydroepiandrosterone in the treatment
of erectile dysfunction in patients with different organic etiologies.
Urol Res. 2001 Aug;29(4):27881.
Rosenthal BD, May NR et al. Adjunctive use of AndroGel (testosterone
gel) with sildenafil to treat erectile dysfunction in men with acquired
androgen deficiency syndrome after failure using sildenafil alone.
Urology. 2006 Mar;67(3):5714.
Rowland DL, Tai W. A review of plant-derived and herbal approaches
to the treatment of sexual dysfunctions. J Sex Marital Ther.
2003;29:185205.
Rubio J, Riqueros MI et al. Lepidium meyenii (Maca) reversed the
lead acetate induced-damage on reproductive function in male rats. Food
Chem Toxicol. 2006 Jul;44(7):111422.
Ruiz-Luna AC, Salazar S et al. Lepidium meyenii (Maca) increases
litter size in normal adult female mice. Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2005
May 3;3(1):16.
Ryu JK, Lee T, et al. Free radical-scavenging activity of Korean red
ginseng for erectile dysfunction in non-insulin-dependent diabetes
mellitus rats. Urology. 2005 Mar;65(3):6115.
Sandroni P. Aphrodisiacs past and present: A historical review. Clin Auton Res. 2001 Oct;11(5):3037.
Schmidt M, Renner C et al. Progesterone inhibits
glucocorticoid-dependent aromatase induction in human adipose
fibroblasts. J Endocrinol. 1998 Sep;158(3):4017.
Stanislavov R, Nikolova V. Treatment of erectile dysfunction with
pycnogenol and L-arginine. J Sex Marital Ther. 2003
May-Jun;29(3):20713.
Sullivan ME, Thompson CS et al. Nitric oxide and penile erection: Is
erectile dysfunction another manifestation of vascular disease?
Cardiovasc Res. 1999 Aug 15;43(3):65865.
Sussman DO. Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and efficacy of
phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors. J Am Osteopath Assoc. 2004
Mar;104(3 Suppl 4):S11S15.
Tian L, Xin ZC et al. [Effects of icariin on the erectile function
and expression of nitrogen oxide synthase isoforms in corpus cavernosum
of arterigenic erectile dysfunction rat model]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi.
2004 Jun 2;84(11):9547.
Tilakaratne A, Soory M. Effects of the anti-androgen finasteride on
5 alpha-reduction of androgens in the presence of progesterone in human
gingival fibroblasts: Modulatory actions of the alkaline phosphatase
inhibitor levamisole. J Periodontal Res. 2000 Aug;35(4):17985.
Traish AM, Guay AT. Are androgens critical for penile erections in
humans? Examining the clinical and preclinical evidence. J Sex Med.
2006 May;3(3):382404; discussion 4047.
TSjoen GG, Giagulli VA et al. Comparative assessment in young and
elderly men of the gonadotropin response to aromatase inhibition. J
Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005 Oct;90(10):571722.
Vogt HJ, Brandl P et al. Doubleblind, placebo-controlled safety and
efficacy trial with yohimbine hydrochloride in the treatment of
nonorganic erectile dysfunction. Int J Impot Res. 1997;9:15561.
Wang Y, Lee KW et al. The red wine polyphenol resveratrol displays
bilevel inhibition on aromatase in breast cancer cells. Toxicol Sci.
2006 Jul;92(1):717.
Williams VS, Baldwin DS et al. Estimating the prevalence and impact
of antidepressant-induced sexual dysfunction in 2 European countries: A
cross-sectional patient survey. J Clin Psychiatry. 2006
Feb;67(2):20410.
Yassin AA, Saad F et al. Testosterone and erectile function in
hypogonadal men unresponsive to tadalafil: Results from an open-label
uncontrolled study. Andrologia. 2006 Apr;38(2):618.
Zheng BL, He K et al. Effect of a lipidic extract from Lepidium
meyenii on sexual behavior in mice and rats. Urology. 2000
Apr;55(4):598602.
Zorgniotti AW, Lizza EF. Effect of large doses of the nitric oxide
precursor, L-arginine, on erectile dysfunction. Int J Impot Res. 1994
Mar;6(1):335; discussion 36.